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Data Backup dan Recovery: Pengertian, Cara, Manfaat, dan Jenisnya

Data merupakan aset sangat penting yang perlu dijaga dan secara mutlak dibuatkan sistem untuk menjaganya dari potensi  eror, kebocoran, kehilangan, hingga saat terjadi bencana alam. Untuk itu dibutuhkan upaya data backup demi menjaga nama baik dan kredibilitas bisnis serta upaya recovery data ketika diperlukan oleh pihak yang membutuhkan.

Data backup dan recovery merupakan salah satu faktor paling penting untuk sukses dalam berbisnis. Penting bagi bisnis untuk merencanakan dan menerapkan sistem data backup sebelum terjadi hal buruk yang tidak diinginkan.

Sistem data backup yang berhasil dilakukan dengan menggunakan server di luar lokasi atau drive terpisah untuk menyimpan sebagian besar data sensitif. Tanpa melakukan hal ini, maka recovery data sulit dilakukan sehingga data tersebut hilang. Lantas, apa sebenarnya data backup dan recovery, serta mengapa itu penting dilakukan?

Apa itu Data Backup dan Recovery?

Data backup dan recovery merupakan proses untuk membuat salinan data sebagai upaya mencegah kehilangan dan menyiapkan sistem yang aman sehingga nantinya data bisa kembali dipulihkan. Data backup memerlukan copy dan pengarsipan data komputer agar dapat diakses jika terjadi kerusakan atau data dihapus.

Proses backup dilakukan sebelum terjadi kerusakan atau kehilangan data karena kesalahan manusia atau terjadi bencana.  Sementara proses recovery atau pemulihan data dapat dilakukan apabila data terhapus, bahkan untuk data yang sudah tidak ada di recycle bin. Dengan begitu, Anda hanya dapat melakukan recovery data dari waktu terakhir melakukan data backup.

Hanya saja, perlu diingat bahwa backup tidak selalu dapat memulihkan semua data dan pengaturan sistem. Misalnya, cluster komputer, server database, atau directory server yang mungkin memerlukan upaya recovery tambahan karena backup dan recovery tidak sepenuhnya mampu mengembalikan ke kondisi semula.

Mengapa Butuh Data Backup dan Recovery?

1. Semua Rentan Menjadi Sasaran Pencurian Data

Siapapun dan apapun bisnis Anda tidak jadi jaminan untuk tidak menjadi sasaran ancaman pencurian data karena hacker tidak memilih target mereka. Hacker memiliki sejumlah alasan, mulai dari mengincar data sensitif, balas dendam, meminta uang tebusan, atau sekedar ingin menunjukkan eksistensi mereka.

2. Kehilangan Data Karena Berbagai Alasan

Bisnis bisa saja kehilangan data karena kesalahan manusia (human error), kerusakan perangkat, hingga bencana alam.

3. Tidak Semua Data Dapat Dikembalikan

Tak dapat dipungkiri jika ada beberapa data bisnis yang tidak dapat di-recovery ketika sudah hilang.

4. Downtime Merugikan Bisnis

Saat data hilang, maka operasional bisnis menjadi terhenti hingga waktu yang tidak dapat dipastikan. Karyawan sulit untuk bekerja karena data customer atau aplikasi bisnis tidak dapat dibuka.

5. Reputasi Terancam

Operasional bisnis yang terhenti karena kehilangan data akan memengaruhi reputasi bisnis hingga berpotensi membuat kepercayaan customer menurun.

Cara Melakukan Recovery Data

Untuk melakukan recovery data yang hilang atau sempat terjangkit virus, Anda dapat melakukan langkah-langkah berikut:

 

  • Klik tombol start lalu pada sistem pilih setting recovery.
  • Klik tombol next pada menu system recovery.
  • Muncul daftar recovery point yang secara otomatis ada di sistem komputer.
  • Pilih waktu yang diinginkan untuk melakukan proses recovery data.
  • Klik scan for affected program.
  • Klik finish untuk mengakhiri proses recovery data.
  • Pastikan untuk me-restart komputer agar perubahan dan data yang dipulihkan bisa kembali diakses.

Pentingnya Data Backup dan Recovery

Data backup dilakukan untuk membuat salinan data yang dapat dipulihkan ketika terjadi kerusakan atau kehilangan pada data utama. Keberadaan data backup memungkinkan Anda melakukan pemulihan data dari awal dengan cepat.

Anda bisa melakukan backup menggunakan media tambahan seperti flashdisk, external hardisk, hingga cloud. Apabila bisnis Anda berada di lokasi yang rawan terjadi bencana, ada baiknya untuk mempertimbangkan alternatif lokasi backup di tepat berbeda agar mempermudah proses recovery.

Untuk hasil recovery terbaik, lakukan backup secara teratur dan konsisten agar meminimalkan data yang hilang. Semakin banyak waktu yang dihabiskan untuk backup secara rutin, maka semakin besar kemungkinan Anda untuk memulihkan kembali ketika data itu dibutuhkan.

Manfaat Melakukan Data Backup

Salah satu manfaat utama bagi bisnis yang rutin melakukan data backup tentu bersiap untuk kemungkinan terburuk agar data penting tidak hilang. Selain itu, ada tiga manfaat utama rutin melakukan data backup.

1. Mudah Mengakses Kembali File Saat Dibutuhkan

Saat ada data atau file yang dibutuhkan, Anda hanya perlu data tersebut dalam hitungan detik untuk mencari kembali dari yang sudah di-backup. Termasuk untuk data yang di-backup di cloud bisa lebih mudah diakses salinannya dengan cepat melalui koneksi internet.

2. Melindungi Perangkat dari Kerusakan

Perangkat yang digunakan mulai dari komputer, laptop, hingga perangkat seluler rentan mengalami keruskan, baik kerusakan sistem, bencana, pengaruh pemadaman listrik, dan kinerja hardisk yang menurun hingga berpotensi hilangnya data penting.

3. Memulihkan Sistem Operasi yang Crash

Salah atu penyebab komputer rusak bisa saja terkait dengan sistem operasi yang gagal saat memproses berbagai program dan pengalokasian memori. Data backup menjadi lebih efisien untuk mengamankan data Anda dari kegagalan sistem operasi.

Jenis-Jenis Data Backup

Data backup dapat dilakukan menggunakan hard drive, flashdisk atau hard disk eksternal, dan cloud computing untuk mencegah kehilangan data. Selain itu, backup menggunakan cloud memudahkan untuk recovery secara otomatis yang bisa diakses dari  laptop, komputer, hingga perangkat seluler.

Meski terkesan sederhana, perlu strategi efektif dan efisien untuk melakukan data backup. Patut diingat jika backup merupakan cara untuk melindungi bisnis Anda. Berikut tiga jenis backup yang paling umum dilakukan.

1. Full Backup

Membuat salinan untuk semua data yang tersimpan dalam satu set media lain seperti disk, tape, dan CD. Butuh lebih banyak waktu dan ruang penyimpanan untuk melakukan full backup.

2. Incremental Backup

Incremental backup lebih cepat dan lebih sedikit membutuhkan media penyimpanan karena hanya menyimpan salinan data yang mengalai perubahan sejak backup terakhir. Aplikasi backup akan merekam dan melacak waktu dan tanggal semua proses backup yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya.

3. Differential Backup

Seperti incremental backup, differential backup juga hanya menyalin semua data yang diubah dari proses pencadangan sebelumnya. Bedanya, tiap kali diakses kembali, differential backup akan terus menyalin semua data yang diubah sejak proses backup sebelumnya rampung.

Daftar Penyedia Cloud Data Backup and Recovery

Saat ini ada banyak penyedia cloud data backup and recovery terbaik untuk bisnis Anda. Namun untuk mencapai performa bisnis yang optimal, patikan Anda menggunakan solusi yang andal dari penyedia terpercaya seperti HPE Primera, HPE Nimble Storage, HPE Nimble Storage dHCL, HPE 3PAR StoreServ, HPE XP8, HPE MSA 2052, HPE StoreOnce Data Protection Backup, HPE ProLiant and HPE Apollo with Cohesity. Semua layanan tersebut bisa didapatkan langsung dari Helios.

Helios berkomitmen untuk mendukung dan berkembang bersama para business partner di era bisnis yang terus berkembang. Sebagai IT Value Added Distributor terkemuka di Indonesia, Helios memiliki IT expert berpengalaman untuk membantu bisnis dari berbagai industri saat mengimplementasikan solusi IT mereka.

Selain itu, Helios juga menghadirkan Helios Cloud Portal, platform khusus untuk memudahkan Anda mengecek katalog layanan dan produk. Kunjungi Helios Cloud Portal di link berikut. Untuk informasi lebih rinci mengenai solusi cloud data backup dan recovery yang ditawarkan Helios, Anda dapat menghubungi marketing@helios.id.

Penulis: Ervina Anggraini

Content writer CTI Group

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